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In the current study adiponectin receptors expressions were
2024-10-11
In the current study, adiponectin receptors expressions were detected in both cell lines. AdipoR2 showed equal expression levels, whereas AdipoR1 possessed different expression levels in both cell lines. There was a significant increase in the AdipoR1 mRNA levels in cell lines according to AdipoR2 m
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hydroxydopamine OHDA is a selective catecholaminergic neurot
2024-10-11
6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) is a selective catecholaminergic neurotoxin mainly used to generate lesions in the nigrostriatal pathway in rats (Ungerstedt, 1968). The most common use of 6-OHDA is via unilateral injection into the rat medial forebrain bundle (MFB). DA depletion, nigral DA cell loss, and
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br Expression of ADK in the normal brain In adult
2024-10-11
Expression of ADK in the normal brain In adult brain, ADK is primarily expressed in astrocytes. Immunocytochemical analysis of adult rat and mouse Linagliptin sale revealed predominant astrocytic expression throughout the hippocampus and cortex. Two isoforms of ADK have been identified in mammal
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ACK can be localized to clathrin coated vesicles The
2024-10-11
ACK1 can be localized to clathrin-coated vesicles [1]. The association of SNX9 with synaptojanin-1 would suggest the two cooperate during endocytosis at the synapse by coupling the sorting nexin to changes in phospholipid composition. ACK1 in turn negatively regulates the association of SNX9 with ta
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Molecular docking simulations were carried out
2024-10-11
Molecular docking simulations were carried out for ligands – in the ACE crystal structure (1O86) and DPP4 crystal structure (2G5P). Comparison of the binding mode of – () with enalaprilat (a) in ACE shows that the phenethyl group (–, enalaprilat) occupies the S1 pocket and the adjacent carboxylic ni
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Whereas more research is needed to identify the precise
2024-10-11
Whereas more research is needed to identify the precise mechanism by which FIN exerts its antidyskinetic effect, the calcein am that it can negatively modulate dopaminergic transmission is also supported by our previous findings. Indeed, we have previously shown that FIN completely reversed the beh
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rolipram Song et al reported series of
2024-10-11
Song et al. reported series of 1,2,3-triazolylsalicylamide derivatives and screened over kinase panel and found compound 31 as most potent which inhibited Aurora-A, specifically with IC50 of 0.37 μM. Compound 31 was about 10-fold more active for Aurora-A than for Aurora-B (IC50 = 3.58 μM reported se
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Because the V ATPase inhibitors that have
2024-10-11
Because the V-ATPase inhibitors that have been employed in these studies (including bafilomycin and concanamycin), are membrane permeant, they inhibit all the V-ATPases in the cell. This is important since it is possible that intracellular V-ATPases, in addition to those present at the plasma membra
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In Rainey et al published the results of a targeted
2024-10-10
In 2008, Rainey et al. published the results of a targeted compound library screen for potential inhibitors of the ATM kinase. In this study, the compound CP466722 was identified as a highly selective and rapidly reversible ATM inhibitor, which did not inhibit PI3K or related PIKK family members. Mo
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Previous studies have indicated that maximal
2024-10-10
Previous studies have indicated that maximal IL-8 protein hmg-coa reductase requires NF-κB activation as well as the activation of the MAP kinases ERK, JNK, and p38 (Li et al., 2002). In our study, NF-κB inhibitor can reduce the up-regulated IL-8 production by PRRSV infection, indicating that PRRSV
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However one should keep in mind that these results
2024-10-10
However, one should keep in mind that these results may not reflect exactly in vivo antioxidant activity. Many other issues such as absorption, metabolism and physicochemical properties of different antioxidants must also be considered (Prior et al., 2007, Wu et al., 2004). Some research groups are
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The primary structure of the A
2024-10-10
The primary structure of the Aβ peptide can be divided into four regions based on hydrophobicity. The N-terminal residues 1–16 comprise the first hydrophilic region, which also contains the metal binding site. More specifically, side chain carboxylate of D1 and the side chain nitrogens of H6, H13 an
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PGC mediated mitochondrial biogenesis in brown fat
2024-10-10
PGC-1α-mediated mitochondrial biogenesis in brown fat and endothelial Torin1 sale is in part regulated by eNOS and NO [28], [29]. Recent studies indicate that H2S not only augments NO bioavailability and signaling [11], [17], but provides protection against cardiac injury in an eNOS-dependent manne
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Pentamidine br Conflicts of interest br Newly Identified Mec
2024-10-10
Conflicts of interest Newly Identified Mechanisms of APN Resistance Hold Therapeutic Potential APN, APN Receptors, and APN Cardiovascular Protection APN Resistance in Cardiovascular Disease The Molecular Mechanisms of APN Resistance Concluding Remarks and Future Directions Finally,
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A highly attenuated B pertussis strain named BPZE has
2024-10-10
A highly attenuated B. pertussis strain, named BPZE1, has recently been described [10]. It produces enzymatically inactive pertussis toxin (PT), no dermonecrotic toxin and only trace amounts of tracheal cytotoxin. Markedly reduced lung pathology was observed in mice intranasally (i.n.) infected with
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