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In addition to the increase
2021-12-28
In addition to the increase of extracellular glutamate, ICH can also increase the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and oxidative stress. Although the products of red blood cell lysis and plasma components, as well as the excitotoxic effect of glutamate have been to increase oxidative damage (
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Consistent with recent independent studies we confirm that
2021-12-28
Consistent with recent independent studies, we confirm that the GCG-induced increase in oxygen consumption is only partially blunted in Fgf21−/− mice [32], implicating additional GCGR-dependent mechanisms contributing to the acute GCG-dependent enhancement of energy expenditure. Notably, glucagon ad
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br ACKNOWLEDGMENTS br Introduction Odorant receptors ORs are
2021-12-27
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Introduction Odorant receptors (ORs) are the largest subfamily of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) and are mainly expressed by olfactory sensory neurons in the nose for the detection of various odorants [1]. However, more recent reports suggest that ORs are also expressed an
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By measuring the accumulation of unprenylated Rap a as a
2021-12-27
By measuring the accumulation of unprenylated Rap1a as a surrogate marker for the inhibition of FPPS [8], [9], [10], [11], we found that upregulation of FPPS expression in Hela cells reduced the accumulation of unprenylated Rap1a in response to 24h' treatment with 0–50μM ZOL. As expected, cells cult
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In order to establish proper folding
2021-12-27
In order to establish proper folding and enzymatic activity, G9a and GLP methyltransferases each contain four structural zinc ions. Both am 580 contain two distinguishable types of zinc fingers; three Zn(II) ions are chelated in a triangular cluster by 9 cysteines (b, top left), whereas one Zn(II)
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Naringin br Materials and methods br Results br Discussion B
2021-12-27
Materials and methods Results Discussion Both EMT of the tubular epithelial Naringin and the activation of fibroblasts are critical factors in the pathogenesis and progression of renal interstitial fibrosis. Accumulating evidence implicates EMT in the onset and pathogenesis of renal interst
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br Introduction Chronic hepatitis C CHC caused
2021-12-27
Introduction Chronic hepatitis C (CHC) caused by hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection affects approximately 170 million individuals worldwide [1]. HCV and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) have similar routes of transmission, including blood-to-blood contact, sharing of injection equipment, and sex
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To further implicate the role of
2021-12-27
To further implicate the role of EAAT3 in morphine-induced place preference, the effects of morphine on EAAT3 BMS-707035 receptor was determined. Interestingly, morphine increased EAAT3 protein expression in the plasma membrane of mPFC, nucleus accumbens and VTA but not in the hippocampus of wild-t
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br Dysregulation of glutamate transporter expression and fun
2021-12-27
Dysregulation of glutamate transporter expression and function Aberrant glutamate transporter function and expression are associated with various neurological disorders. Therefore, understanding the underlying mechanisms of EAAT1/2 expression may provide therapeutic targets for treating neurologi
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The ER EK polymorphism is located
2021-12-27
The ER22/23EK polymorphism is located in the transactivation domain of the GR gene. A single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) has been identified in both of the two adjacent codons (22 and 23). These SNPs are fully linked and are associated with relative GC resistance[32], [44]. Although no associati
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Introduction Human pathogenic Leishmania protozoa
2021-12-27
Introduction Human pathogenic Leishmania protozoa comprise 20 different species that are distributed throughout the world and cause the disease leishmaniasis [1]. Transmission primarily occurs through the bite of a female sand fly and clinical manifestations of the disease span from cutaneous lesio
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The role of GJs in liver fibrogenesis was studied recently
2021-12-24
The role of GJs in liver fibrogenesis was studied recently. Studies showed a significant decrease in liver fibrosis in Cx32 knockout mice compared to wild-type mice. Although the mechanism underlying this protective effect of Cx32 deletion is not clear, reduced oxidative stress was suggested as a po
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In summary tail vein injection of mmLDL activated
2021-12-24
In summary, tail vein injection of mmLDL activated the ERK1/2 signaling pathway, leading to increased serum concentrations and increased vascular wall expression of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1, and may cause increased expression of vascular smooth muscle ETB receptors and the ETB receptor-mediated contractile
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br Results and discussion Computer modelling studies suggest
2021-12-24
Results and discussion Computer modelling studies suggested that the endocyclic oxygens in furocoumarin derivatives, such as g15 3a (Fig. 1), could also coordinate metal ions in the HIV-1 IN enzyme active site and inhibit the integration of viral DNA. The coumarin moiety is found in various medic
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Pharmacologic approaches of inhibiting GSNOR activity have r
2021-12-24
Pharmacologic approaches of inhibiting GSNOR activity have reached the point of clinical development with the recent announcement of the first cystic fibrosis patients treated with the first-in-class GSNOR inhibitor, N6022 (N30 Pharmaceuticals). Clinical development is ongoing for other indications
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